Process of making shingle elements



May 20 1924o 1,494,380

K. sc :HUTT

X PROCESS OF MAKING SHINGLE ELEMENTS Filed Sept. 4. 1920 Patented May 20, 1924.

y 1,494,380 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

yKANT. SCHUTT, OF CABLSTADT, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR To FLINTKOTE COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION or MASSACHUSETTS PROCESS F M'AKING SHINGLE ELEMENTS.

Application mea September 41920. Serial No. 408,210.

To all whom t may concern:

vBe it known that I, KARL SCHUTT, a citizen of the United States, residing .in the city of Carlstadt, county of Bergen, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in' Processes of Making Shingle Elements, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in process of making shingle elements and refers more particularly to an improved process of making asphalt strip shingle or I individual Shingle made of saturated felt which is usually provided with an asphalt coating and a granular facing.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 isa top plan view of a roofingl sheet lwith parts broken away for clearness.

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view of the construction shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a top plan View of a shingle element cut out and ready to be put on a roof.

Referring in detail to the drawings, l designates the saturated felt backing, to the other side of which 'has been applied a cold aqueous emulsified bituminous matrix. A hot asphalt bituminous'coating 2 is applied on top of said saturated felt 1, which in turn is covered with-a gravel Surfacing 3, which gravel surfacing is embedded in the bit-uminous coating 2. The finished sheetis then cut into shingle elements, which in the resent instance, comprisesl a strip shingle 4, Ent it is to be understood that the shingle element may take anyk suitable form.

. The object of the invention is to provide a process of making a shingle element of ,the

vtype referred to which will have a waterproof seal back.D

I have discovered from many tests that I have made that the ordinary asphalt shingles will absorb water and in particular that this absorption of water occurs through the uncoated backs and exposed edges of the felt shingle.n This absorption of water is natur-V ally objectionable as it has a tendency to introducing curling vand induce expanslon and contraction of theroong element as its content Of water or moisture varie's.

I have found that by coating the backs of the shingles with a waterproof -bituminous composition, I reduce to a minimum the amount of water absorption and more spe-` cifically I do this by coating the back ofthe shingle with an emulsifie'd bituminous composition. This emulsified bituminous composition consists of a. non-adhesive emulsified matrix of asphalt, water and colloidal clay such for example as may be prepared in accordance with the Patent #1,302,810, issued to Lester Kirschbraun. This emulsified matrix is made by rst mixing an aqueous paste of water and colloidal clay and to this I gradually add the asphalt in melted or liquid forni, in the meantime agitating the mixture so that it will produce an emulsion in which the water forms the continuous oor external phase and the asphalt the dispersed or internal phase. This asphalt is preferably a fairly high melting point asphalt so as to prevent the shingles from sticking in the package. This asphalt may be air-blown asphalt of approximately 200 melting point and approximately 10 penetration. Instead of using air-blown asphalt, I may use a mixture of steam distilled asphalt and hard pitches as for example stearine pitches or other animal, vegetable or mineral pitches. It will be understood that the stiffness or consistency of this seal backing will be varied to suit the Character of the shingle; for example, a higher melting point backing may be used where it-is desirous of having a very stili' shingle and a comparative amount of colloidal lclay can be incorporat-ed into the backing when it is desired,

to obtain a combination of non-tackiness together with appreciable thickness.

The shingle elements -may be prepared in the'following, manner. .Itake ordinary dry roofing felt and run it saturating tankin the usual way. I then pass the saturated felt over a roller which is revolving in a pan or other receptacle containing the emulsilied`matrix referred to. The arrangement is such that a thin coating of the emulsion is applied to the under surface of the saturated felt. It is to be understood that this emulsion is cold and as this emulsied matrix is applied to the lower surface of the felt, the water is evaporated 'and the asphalt contained in the emulsion through the asphalt duces the temperature of the saturated felt itself. The saturated felt then may pass between the usual coating rollers and its upper surface coated with the usual asphalt coating and the granular facing is then applied to this asphalt coating. The sheet then passes over cooling drums and loopers and finally to the shingle chopping mechanism wherein either strip shingles or individual shingles may be formed. lin this connection, it may be noted that the cooling of the saturated felt by application of the cold aqueous emulsion permits of very materially increasing the output of the machine. This results from the fact ,that in the present method of forming asphalt shingles the production is limited by the temperature at. which the shingle can be received land stacked. If they are stacked while too hot tney stick together. lNoreover, if they are too hot while passing over the loopers the sheet is too weak resulting in numerous-breaks andshutting down of the entire machinery. From the foregoing, it will be seen that not only get a novel and better product but that there is a pronounced advantage in the operation of the process itself from the standpoint of output.k

It may be desirable in certain instances to sprinklev over this waterproof seal, powderedlmica, talc or powdered slate to fur- I ther decrease any tendency to sticking. lt

Y referred to is preferably less than lnay also be noted that the waterproof seal -llg ofan inch thick and is usually only a few thousandths of an inch thick, the object being to produce a waterproof seal and not to `build up the roofing.

I claim as my invention:

1. A process of making a shingle element consisting in applying a cold aqueous emulsi tied bituminous matrix containing colloidal clay to one surface of saturated felt, simultaneously drying out the Water, cooling the saturated felt and permitting the bituminous content of said matrix to coalesce to form a Waterproof seal, applying a hot asphalt bituminous coating to the `other surface of said saturated felt, applying a granular :tacmg to said last mentioned coatlng and then cutting the sheet into shingle ele-- ments.

2. A process of making a shingle elelnent consisting in applying a cold aqueous emulsitied bituminous matrix to one surface of saturated felt, simultaneously drying outthe water, cooling the saturated felt and permitting the bituminous content of said matrix to coalesce to form a waterproof seal, applying a hot'asphalt bituminous coating to the other surface of said saturated felt and then cutting the sheet into shingle elements.

3. A process of making a waterproof covering element consisting in applying an aqueous emulsiied bituminous matrixI containing colloidal clay to one surface of saturated feltto form a seal coat, removing the vehicle inL which the bitumen is contained whereby the bituminous content is allowed to coalesce, then applying a bitu-v Ifnilnous coating to the other surface of said 4. A process of making a waterproof shingle element consisting in applying an aqueous emulsiiedbituminous matrix containing colloidal clay to one surface of saturated felt to form a seal coat, removing the vehicle in which the bitumen is contained whereby the bituminous content is allowed to coalesce, to form a waterproof seal, then applying a bituminous coating to the other surface of said felt and applyingV a granular facing to said last mentioned coating.

kannl SCHUTT. 

